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      • Passato Prossimo: The Italian Present Perfect

      Passato Prossimo: The Italian Present Perfect

      • Date May 7, 2016

      button-learnitalian

      The passato prossimo (present perfect) is used in Italian to describe events that have been completed in the recent past or were completed in the distant past but still affect the present. The passato prossimo is a one of four compound verb tenses in Italian. The other three are the futuro anterior (future perfect), trapassato prossimo (past perfect), and trapassato remote (past anterior).

       

      Conjugating the Passato Prossimo

      The passato prossimo is made by combining the indicative (simple present) of the auxiliary verb avere (to have, to own, or to wear) or essere (to be) with the past participle of the main verb. Which helping verb the past participle takes depends on whether the main verb is transitive or intransitive. Transitive verbs (verbs that take a direct object) use avere. Intransitive verbs (those that do not take a direct object) use essere. When using the passato prossimo of a transitive verb, the direct object may be either stated or implied. The passato prossimo of an intransitive verb must agree in gender and number with the subject of the sentence.

       

      Transitive (“avere”) Verb Examples

      Subject

      Pronoun

      Avere

      to have

      Lavare

      to wash

      Battere

      to beat

      Gradire

      to accept

      io

       

      ho ho lavato ho battuto ho gradito
      tu

       

      hai hai lavato hai battuto hai gradito
      lui/lei

       

      ha ha lavato ha battuto ha gradito
      noi abbiamo abbiamo lavato abbiamo battuto

       

      abbiamo gradito
      voi

       

      avete avete lavato avete battuto avete gradito
      loro

       

      hanno hanno lavato hanno battuto hanno gradito

       

      Intransitive (“essere”) Verb Examples

      Subject

      Pronoun

      Essere

      to be

      Diventare

       to become

      Cadere

      to fall

      Partire

      to leave

      io sono sono diventato (a) sono caduto (a)

       

      sono partito (a)
      tu sei sei diventato (a) sei caduto (a)

       

      sei partito (a)
      lui/lei è è diventato (a) è caduto (a)

       

      è partito (a)
      noi siamo siamo diventati (e) siamo caduti (e)

       

      siamo partiti (e)
      voi siete siete diventati (e) siete caduti (e) siete partiti (e)

       

      loro sono sono diventati (e) sono caduti (e)

       

      sono partiti (e)

       

      Tag:atlanta, ga, georgia, how to speak italian, italian present perfect, italian present tense, language island, learn itlalian, present perfect tense in italian

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      Passato Remoto: The Italian Distant Past Tense
      May 7, 2016

      Next post

      Imperfetto: The Italian Imperfect Tense
      May 17, 2016

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